To What Extent Did Nazi Germany Establish a Totalitarian...

Joe Bokeyar Year 12 – Modern History Research Essay To what extent did the Nazis succeed in establishing a totalitarian state in Germany in the years between 1933 and 1939? The Nazis succeeded to a great degree in establishing a totalitarian state in Germany in the years between 1933 and 1939. A Totalitarian state is defined as a government that subordinates the individual to the state and strictly controls all aspects of life by coercive measures. A Totalitarian state aims to establish complete: - political -social/economic - and cultural control over their people. Fascism is a type of right-wing totalitarianism which places importance on the subordination of individuals to advance the interests of the state. It is important for†¦show more content†¦The army along with the SS were now loyal to Hitler. On August 2nd 1934 Hindenburg died. This then gave Hitler the opportunity, which he took, to declare himself Fuhrer. The role of the Fuhrer was President, Chancellor and Commander in Chief all in one. All soldiers took an oath of allegiance to him personally. A plebiscite approved of this with 88.93% of the vote. The Weimar Republic was over and the Third Reich about to begin. All media was controlled by the Nazis. Newspapers, radio stations, films obeyed and said what the Nazis told them to. A number of rallies were put on to emphasise just how strong Nazi Germany was. Goebbels was in charge of this and was also very successful. He was able to persuade people into believing that Hitler and the Nazis were right. All Nazi view points on everything were always emphasized. Groups opposing the Nazis such as socialist, communists, liberals, democrats, Jews and other group were targeted by the Nazis. All books were censored, over 2500 authors banned and many books burnt on the streets. Propaganda manipulated Hitler’s image very carefully so that he would be portrayed as a kind, hardworking man with simple tasks. The SS and Gestapo (secret police) acting under the orders of Himmler, made terror a regular occurrence and a matter of state policy. Any sort of opponents were beaten and regularly thrownShow MoreRelatedNazi Germany Totalitarian2991 Words   |  12 PagesTo what extent could Nazi Germany be considered a totalitarian state in the period 1933-1942? From Hitlers election to power in January 1933, Nazi Germany although exhibiting totalitarian elements lacked some required factors to characterize it fully as a totalitarian state. George Orwell suggested that totalitarianism is (1984, introduction) the ability for a political system or society where the individual does not exist, a single party controls every aspect of life. Paramount to the classificationRead MoreTo what Extent was Hitlet Able to Control the Church Essay2529 Words   |  11 PagesDuring the reign of Nazi Germany, the Church was subjected to as much adversity as any other institution in Germany. Any establishment that was perceived as a threat to Hitler could not be endured and the churches of Nazi Germany posed as a number of threats as they were powerful and well established institutions. Even though he sometimes associated Nazism with Christianity, his real beliefs were clearly hostile towards the faith. Which leads me to my research question: â€Å" To what e xtent was Hitler ableRead MoreTo What Extent Did the Nazis Establish a Volksgemeinschaft? Essay3244 Words   |  13 Pagesof the Herrenvolk, or master race. As a term used polemically by the Nazis to engender a form of identity politics and therefore oppose any notion of politics based on universal and objective class interests that it aimed to transcend, it helped them gain collective support from an already economically, psychologically and politically distraught post-war nation. The Volksgemeinschaft ideal was one of the key elements of Nazi ideology and was used to legitimate much of the regimes social policyRead MoreEssay How Successful Was Nazi Propaganda from 1933 to 1939?3993 Words   |  16 PagesHow successful was Nazi propaganda from1933 to 1939? How is Success of Propaganda Gauged? The Nazi propaganda machine is at times impressive, at times unusual, at times terrifying. ...Everything is propaganda. The Nazis understood human psychology. It was Goebbels simple realisation that, for instance in cinematic propaganda, there was a need for the viewer to be entertained. Otherwise, there would be no interest in watching at all. This is simply a single instance of the successfulnessRead MoreEssay on Comparison of Mussolini and Hitler4381 Words   |  18 PagesComparison of Mussolini and Hitler Fascism was a totalitarian political movement that developed after 1919 as a reaction against the political and social changes brought about by World War 1 and the spread of socialism and communism. It flourished between 1919 and 1945 in several countries, mainly Germany, Spain, Italy, and Japan. Fascism is a form of totalitarian dictatorship that had ideals such as extreme nationalism, economic self sufficiency and military strength. The dictators abolishedRead MoreThe Significance of Nazi Propaganda under Hitlers Rule Essay3090 Words   |  13 PagesSignificance of Nazi Propaganda under Hitlers Rule The appointment of Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany in 1933 should, in theory, have been nothing more than merely a change of administration. However, from the start of their ‘seizure of power’ the Nazis were prepared to apply this power in ‘revolutionary’ ways. (Fest, 1974, p.373). In the elections of 1933 that resulted in Hitler’s chancellorship, the Nazi party only managed to gain 43.9% of the vote; yet by 1939 they hadRead MoreThe Rise and Rule of Single-Party States7795 Words   |  32 PagesThe Rise and Rule of single-party States Contents1 The Rise and Rule of Single-party States * 1.1 The Emergence of single party states in Europe after 1917 * 1.2 China- Mao Zedong * 1.3 Italy- Benito Mussolini * 1.4 Germany- Adolf Hitler * 1.5 Russia- Josef Stalin * 1.6 Cuba- Fidel Castro | Introduction * The 20th century produced many single-party states. The origins, ideology, form of government, organization, nature, and impact of these should be studiedRead MoreHow Successful Was Nazi Propaganda in the Period 1933-39?4453 Words   |  18 PagesSuccess of Propaganda Gauged?/b brThe Nazi propaganda machine is at times impressive, at times unusual, at times terrifying. br br...Everything is propaganda. br brThe Nazis understood human psychology. It was Goebbels simple realisation that, for instance in cinematic propaganda, there was a need for the viewer to be entertained. Otherwise, there would be no interest in watching at all. This is simply a single instance of the successfulness of Nazi propaganda. Goebbels realised this andRead More Hitler Essay2061 Words   |  9 Pagesand gained him success. Hitler’s success can also be due to the horrible conditions in Germany at the time of his rise to power. The failure of the economy, extreme nationalism and the fragile government of Germany in the 1920’s and 30’s could also be seen as the reason for Hitler’s success(Wepman 98). The end of W.W.I left Germany in economic debt, suffering to survive. The Treaty of Versailles blamed Germany for the war and required them to pay for all the reparations. With many unemployed andRead MoreEssay on Georg Lukacs, quot;the Ideology of Modernismquot;7555 Words   |  31 P agespolitically dangerous to be too formalistic.) From Lukacss Marxist point of view, the forms of literature are mere window-dressing: plots, characters, themes, symbols. Paying exclusive attention to those forms means missing the main point, which is what is going on beneath the forms in the ideological base. To put this crudely, a socialist novel (no matter how simple-minded, old-fashioned, or technically inept) is going to be better than a bourgeois capitalist novel, because it is ideologically

Being Safe Online Free Essays

Computer Ethics Reflection Many people may think going online is safe, but it can be very hazardous at times. You need to know how to protect yourself online, and avoid cyber bullying. While you are writing a paper for school, you need to know what academic honesty is. We will write a custom essay sample on Being Safe Online or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cyber bulling is the use of the internet and/or related technology to hurt other people, in a recurring, and aggressive method. Cyber bulling is very common these days. People do it to get a little laugh, but never think twice about what emotional impact it can have on the other person. Many people say, â€Å"Stick and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me. †, and it may seem like good advice but it isn’t. When people cyber bully someone, they think it is funny, and since words are just words nobody will get hurt, but they are very wrong. Cyber bulling is not harmless. People have committed suicide over it. Some people who cyber bully think that it is impossible to take it too far, because they are just messing around. But the truth is cyber bullies take it to far when just the thought of cyber bulling runs through their heads. If you get cyber bullied, the first thing you should do is ignore it; maybe they are having a bad day. If it still continues you need to block them, for all you know they will not stop. The next step, if it still carries on, is to tell an adult. There might be times when you think you parents don’t know anything, but they are her to protect you. If you do not want to tell your parents, tell a teacher or you guidance counselor. Any adult can help you. Sometimes, it may still go on. In this case, you need to save it and print it up so you have proof. If you participate in cyber bullying, there will be consequences. Sometimes the person who you cyber bullied might commit suicide. If you get caught, you will be in massive trouble with the police. Keeping yourself safe online is very vital. Just by giving someone your first name, that person can track you down. Going online itself can always be dangerous. Do not give out your personal information. Personal information consists of your name, phone number, e-mail address, your parents name, your home address, and et cetera. When someone sends you a request, and you have never met them face to face, DO NOT accept them. This does not mean that you go and meet them somewhere! Always be respectful, and use appropriate language. Do not swear or call people out of their names. Passwords are also something you should not share with ANYONE besides your parents. How to cite Being Safe Online, Essay examples

Sustainable Business Planning and Strategy-Samples for Students

Question: Is the current wayWestpacreports on sustainability an example of best practice?What, if any, changes do you recommend? Answer: Introduction: Sustainability planning takes of the future uncertainties. Thus, it is a complete process, which an organisation undertakes on in a span of over several months (Baumgartner 2014). The current assignment aims to identify as well as evaluate the most considerable recent or expected developments in sustainability reporting in Australia. After such evaluation, the sustainability strategies at Westpac have been assessed to find out whether the bank has adopted such identified developments to improve its overall sustainability reporting. The final segment of the assignment sheds light on suggesting some sustainability strategies for the bank that would help in improving its overall business performance in the eyes of its stakeholders in future (Neugebauer, Figge and Hahn 2016). Most significant current or expected developments in sustainability reporting: There are numerous existing or expected developments in the global including Australian sustainability reporting strategy, out of which two of the most significant strategies are discussed as follows: Sustainability data exchange: The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) has published the upcoming era of corporate disclosure in the form of responsible, interactive and digital disclosures through a digital publication. This depicts an overview of the future sustainability reporting and disclosure (Iasplus.com 2017). As per GRI, the future would take into account new formats with the firms, as they are needed to shift from annual reports to sustainability data exchange. The concentration would be to focus on the primary challenges like human rights and climate change. It has been observed that GRI is involved in producing articles, videos and analysis papers throughout 2015 by interviewing with the business executives and other professionals belonging to different fields and industries and this reporting format is expected to be initiated by the end of 2025 (Lozano 2015). During this period, the organisations and the investors would include the critical sustainability information into the utmost core of their processes of decision-making and definition of strategy. Moreover, the organisations are needed to make additional disclosures about the impact on society and the global natural resources. The stakeholders would find the access to the information about business performance from diverse sources (Benn, Dunphy and Griffiths 2014). Thus, this existing development would be of immense value for the stakeholders, as they could dissect the value creation of the organisations in a more effective and broader manner. Advancement of corporate reporting on sustainable development goals: The collaboration of the GRI and the United Nations Global Compact has initiated SDG Leadership through Reporting. This has been a new initiative in advancing and promoting the corporate reporting on sustainable development goals. The two organisations would work in partnership for creating a list of disclosures in order to track business contributions to the SDGs and a publication would be released on the reporting pertaining to SDG (Orsato et al. 2015). Both the organisations would penetrate into their respective networks for developing multi-stakeholder working groups that take into account leading businesses, reporting experts and data users that would work to modify corporate reporting on SDGs. In addition, these organisations would form partnership with Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) for enhancing the value of disclosures related to corporate sustainability (Neugebauer, Figge and Hahn 2016). Sustainability strategies at Westpac: According to the sustainability strategy evaluated from the annual report of Westpac, the bank has created a five-year sustainability strategy with three measurable objectives across three broad priority areas (annualreport.westpacgroup.com.au 2017). These objectives take into account the following: Improving the lifestyle of the society and the people: In order to make this strategy a success, Westpac has been involved in partnership with Career Seekers for facilitating paid internships for the refugees and asylum-seekers like mid-career professionals or students. In addition, it has developed a new technique of enabling the culturally diverse customers to gain an insight of the products and services through a statement of product disclosure using more images and diagrams. This matches with the expected development of sustainability data exchange, as Westpac has developed new formats to make additional disclosures to the customers about its products (Christ, Burritt and Varsei 2017). Figure 1: Contribution of Westpac to the society and individuals (Source: 2016annualreport.westpacgroup.com.au 2017) Environmental solutions: Westpac has managed to raise $500 million through the Westpac Climate Bond Issue. The funds accumulated have been distributed to five carbon commercial properties and seven wind energy facilities in compliance with the Climate Bonds Standard (v1). Moreover, the bank has participated to support transition of a clean energy future (Dasgupta and Vaghela 2015). For instance, it has raised the percentage of renewable energy financing from 45% to 59% in the portfolio of overall electricity generation since 2011. Furthermore, it has formed a new program of energy efficiency for its business customers. Verdia, a well-known energy specialist in Australia, has provided assistance to the bank in this program as well. The intention is to provide the business customers with an overview of identifying, funding and installing equipment for enhancing the energy efficiency of their businesses (Epstein and Buhovac 2014). These initiatives match with the sustainability data exchange related to climate change, as Westpac is involved in financing businesses to adopt environmental-friendly solutions. Figure 2: Contribution of Westpac to the environmental concerns (Source: 2016annualreport.westpacgroup.com.au 2017) Better financial future: Westpac has initiated Wealth Review for BT Financial Group in order to help them in obtaining an insight of its financial position and the necessities to accomplish the financial objectives. Moreover, it has launched CashNav, an application for the Kiwi customers in managing spending by automatic categorisation of banking transactions into needs and notifying customers about their spending (Dumay 2016). Furthermore, it has released Financial Inclusion Action Plan in 2016 for enhancing financial access and resilience to fund the individuals going through financial hardship. Thus, it has created additional disclosures in its sustainability performance report about the advancement of corporate reporting on sustainable development goals. However, it has not involved the data users to involve in corporate reporting and thus, this advancement has only been partially achieved (Klettner, Clarke and Boersma 2014). Figure 3: Contribution of Westpac to enhance financial future (Source: 2016annualreport.westpacgroup.com.au 2017) Recommended Sustainability Strategies at Westpac: This segment of the assignment sheds light on suggesting some sustainability strategies for the bank that would help in improving its overall business performance in the eyes of its stakeholders in future. Such recommendations are explained below: Maintaining societal change through analysing the future requirements of aging and culturally diverse consumers is one of the effective sustainability strategies of Westpac Bank. Considering such strategy, the bank focuses on developing services and financial products that supports financial wellbeing increase. The bank should also focus on analysing the physical, market along with regulatory effects of climate change. Effective financial futures strategies are to be developed by Westpac bank in order to offer solutions that can facilitate consumers for adapting with environmental challenges. Considering such strategy the company will consider launching important services or products that can facilitate to respond to several pressures arising from the environmental challenges. Environmental solutions are also recommended for Westpac bank that is focussed on decreasing environmental footprint. The bank must consider offering a range of advice related solutions based on the ways in which consumers might prefer advancing by the banks advice along with private bank businesses. In order to attain sustenance financial futures serves as a different challenge for Westpac bank. Geography and poor infrastructure of the region along with maintaining sustenance livelihoods is resulting in difficult financial inclusion of people. For such reasons, strategy of Westpac Company must be focused on offering access to affordable and basic banking to all its target consumers among which 50% will be women. Moreover, the banks strategy must be maintaining a combination of basic choice account, in-store banking along with developing a new model of financial literacy model. Conclusion: The current assignment intended to identify as well as evaluate the most considerable recent or expected developments in sustainability reporting in Australia. After such evaluation, the sustainability strategies at Westpac have been assessed to find out whether the bank has adopted such identified developments to improve its overall sustainability reporting. It was gathered that as per GRI, the future would take into account new formats with the firms, as they are needed to shift from annual reports to sustainability data exchange. The concentration would be to focus on the primary challenges like human rights and climate change. It was also gathered that in order to make this strategy a success, Westpac has been involved in partnership with Career Seekers for facilitating paid internships for the refugees and asylum-seekers like mid-career professionals or students. In addition, it has developed a new technique of enabling the culturally diverse customers to gain an insight of the products and services through a statement of product disclosure using more images and diagrams. This matches with the expected development of sustainability data exchange, as Westpac has developed new formats to make additional disclosures to the customers about its products. References: Annualreport.westpacgroup.com.au. (2017). [online] Available at: https://2016annualreport.westpacgroup.com.au/ [Accessed 28 Aug. 2017]. Baumgartner, R.J., 2014. Managing corporate sustainability and CSR: A conceptual framework combining values, strategies and instruments contributing to sustainable development.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,21(5), pp.258-271. Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014.Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Christ, K.L., Burritt, R.L. and Varsei, M., 2017. Coopetition as a Potential Strategy for Corporate Sustainability.Business Strategy and the Environment. Dasgupta, M. and Vaghela, D., 2015. Integrating Organization Culture with Corporate Sustainability Strategy: A Review. Dumay, J., 2016. A critical reflection on the future of intellectual capital: from reporting to disclosure.Journal of Intellectual capital,17(1), pp.168-184. Epstein, M.J. and Buhovac, A.R., 2014.Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Iasplus.com. (2017).Recent sustainability reporting developments. [online] Available at: https://www.iasplus.com/en/news/2016/03/sustainability [Accessed 28 Aug. 2017]. Klettner, A., Clarke, T. and Boersma, M., 2014. The governance of corporate sustainability: Empirical insights into the development, leadership and implementation of responsible business strategy.Journal of Business Ethics,122(1), pp.145-165. Lozano, R., 2015. A holistic perspective on corporate sustainability drivers.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(1), pp.32-44. Neugebauer, F., Figge, F. and Hahn, T., 2016. Planned or emergent strategy making? Exploring the formation of corporate sustainability strategies.Business strategy and the environment,25(5), pp.323-336. Orsato, R.J., Garcia, A., Mendes-Da-Silva, W., Simonetti, R. and Monzoni, M., 2015. Sustainability indexes: why join in? A study of the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE)in Brazil.Journal of Cleaner Production,96, pp.161-170.

What dramatic techniques does Shakespeare use in Act Three Scene One of Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

What dramatic techniques does Shakespeare use in Act Three Scene One of Romeo and Juliet Paper Throughout the play Shakespeare maintains the interest of his audience through an array of dramatic techniques. Act Three Scene One sees a turning point in the play when what had originally been a comedy orientated genre, which traditionally ended in a marriage (as seen in Act 2 of the play), is replaced with that of a tragic nature.During his time in the play Mercutio maintains a humourous relationship with the audience with Could you not take some occasion without giving? This is an example of bawdy or sexual humour that would have appealed to the Elizabethan working class. Since he has kept comedy appearing in the play his final appearance, which involves his death, is a mixture of comic language and dramatic suffering.Mercutios final speeches reflect a mixture of anger and disbelief that he has been fatally injured as a result of the ancient grudge between the Capulets and the Montagues; he repeatedly curses, A plague on all your houses. Even his characteristic wit is embittered as Mercutio treats the subject of his death with humourous wordplay: Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man. In the final irony of the scene he never learns the cause of his demise and believes it was because of a fight not love. The significance of curses lies firmly in Elizabethan culture as a dramatic phrase meant to cause harm to an individual. The use of it in this passage powerfully conveys Mercutios chaotic and maddened state of mind at his death.The entrance of Tybalt is also dramatic in that it has been foreshadowed by Benvolio and the Prologue at the beginning of the play: therefore turn and draw. Tybalt is the very essence of violence in the play and the very antithesis of all that Romeo stands for. Earlier in the play Tybalt is angered at the behavior of Romeo at the ball and so this creates situational tension for the audiences who are aware of this fact and so expect conflict to occur later in the play.In Shakespeares time, audiences would have expected actors in tragedies to speak in verse. The poetic style was thought to be elegant and expressive, particularly useful in tragic themes in scenes of high dramatic or emotional intensity. Higher status characters such as the Prince would have been expected to use this formal style as it carried with itself a great deal of dignity in Elizabethan England as it was most usually associated with the upper classes. Much of Shakespeares verse is written in Sonnet form. Sonnets were at the time very popular and they are used frequently in the play. Although much of it has rhyme there is a great deal of blank unrhymed verse throughout the play in iambic pentameter. The use of different forms of speech in Romeo and Juliet identifies the seriousness of the text with rhymed verse as the most serious and prose rather more casual.Prose, which is blank speech, was traditionally used by lower status or comic characters such as the servants of the families; it is very informal. Notably Shakespeare bre aks this rule when he has the character Mercutio, who as a family friend of the Montague house would be considered high status, speak in prose at his death.I am hurt. A plague o both your houses! I am sped. Is he gone, and hath nothing?Tragic death scenes would almost always be spoken in verse; however the use of prose in these lines emphasizes the significance of Mercutios death and adds a sense of urgency and panic to the scene.Within the scene Shakespeare demonstrates the hostility between one character and another by references to rank. When Romeo enters Tybalt addresses him as my man which refers to Romeo as his servant and therefore of lower hierarchy than himself. Family pride was very important to both the play and Elizabethan culture so references to class were an effective insult.What is notable is the manner at which Tybalt addresses Mercutio in this scene. At first he uses addresses like you and gentleman which are associated with formality and class. However once Tybalt has accused Mercutio of consortd with Romeo his attitude towards him quickly turn hostile and he starts to address Mercutio informally and less respectfully with thee and thou. This foreshadows the conflict that will occur later in this scene and sets a feeling of unrest over the drama.Shakespeare uses dramatic irony to create tension in this scene or to draw the attention of the audience. This occurs when a character on stage is ignorant, but the audience watching know his or her eventual fate.At the beginning of this scene Romeo, by contrast to the other characters, is cheerful and contented with having wed Juliet a moment beforehand. Until Mercutios dies Romeo remains emotionally detached from the other characters by thoughts of peace and harmony between the two houses. In response to Tybalts insults Romeo tells him the reason I have to love you, doth much excuse the appertaining rage. Ironically Romeos refusal to fight brings about the very violence he had hoped to prevent and Mercutio, fuelled by family pride decides to fight Tybalt instead. Thus Romeos gesture of peace results in Mercutios death and he becomes ensnared in the family conflict once more.This is also known as cosmic or fate irony in which unseen beings are seen to be toying with the minds of the characters with deliberate ironic effect. This is often seen between the contrast of human ideals and reality such as Friar Lawrences choice to bring the two lovers in marriage in hope of turning their households rancour to pure love. By the end of the play this is achieved but at the hands of death not matrimony.The prologue is ironic in that the eventual fates of the characters are told on stage right from the beginning. In the line A pair of star crossed lovers take their lives, Shakespeare informs his audience that the death of the lovers was preordained, the deliberate act of misfortune.Tybalts death brings Romeo a moment of clarity as he realizes he is the helpless victim of fate: O, I am for tunes fool! he cries, struck deeply by a sense of frustration and injustice. The speed with which Mercutio and Tybalts death occur, together with Romeos marriage and subsequent banishment, all contribute to a sense of inevitability-that a chain of events have been set in motion over which the protagonist has no control.In conclusion the dramatic intensity of the story heightens with the opening of Act Three as a result of fate and conflict between the rival houses. The violent clash between Tybalt and Romeo escalates the drama around whether or not love will ever be able to exist openly between the two lovers. The prologue sets up a sense of hopelessness by the audience who know how the story will conclude and foreshadows the eventual death of the two lovers a death made more tragic by the grip fate has on the helpless protagonist.